Types of Estimate – Types of estimates that prepared on various stages of a project.
What is an estimate or estimation in construction industry? Estimate is a rough calculation on quantities of various works & their expenditure, done by the experts of the relevant field…
Measurement of materials & works – QS
Units of Measurements Units are the determinants of the quantities to represent them in a standard way. Commonly units are classified according to nature, shape and size. For the planning…
SHEET PILE WALL OF RETAINING STRUCTURE
INTRODUCTION A retaining wall is a constructed wall that restrains soil or other material at locations having an abrupt change in elevation. There are many types of structures used to…
LAB equipment used on Civil Engineering
Equipment are physical resources which are used in an operation to complete a task effectively. Civil Engineering testing equipment are designed in order to achieve the specific requirement of the…
Methods of takeoff quantities – Explanation with solved problem
Quantity Takeoff Depending on the shape or design of a building the method of taking out quantities also varies. Here, I describe the more common methods of taking out quantities…
Sieve Analysis – Particle size analysis procedure
Methods Of Sieve Size Analysis Determination of article size is more important in Civil Engineering, as the particle size determines the effectiveness of final product. The characters of particle such…
Optical measurement method
What is optical measurement method? Optical measurement method is also known as tacheometry method or stadia method. Optical measurement is inspection of measurement with the help of telescope and then…
Electronic Distance Measuring Method – EDM
What is EDM? To simplify the procedures to obtain accuracy in surveying, the electronic distance measuring method was introduced. Here the distance is measured with the help of electro-magnetic waves…
Classification of soil – USDA, AASHTO, Unified classification methods
What is soil and why it should be classified? Soil is a natural element of the earth and also a mixture of organic, inorganic materials together with gasses and liquids.…
Plastic limit test, procedures , sample calculations
Plastic limit test is one of the laboratory tests used internationally to differentiate or classify soils into groups. As the starting procedures of liquid limit test and plastic limit test…