Façade or curtain wall is a building envelope creates pleasure aesthetic to the building exterior. These are aluminium framed, the non-load bearing system which are hanging from the floor …
Protecting the structural steel in the event of a fire is an important consideration in the civil industry. The vermiculite spray is often used as fireproofing for internal and …
Water tightness is the main parameter in the construction of water retaining structures. The locations of construction joints are the critical feature that challenging the water tightness in practical …
The concrete structures that retaining water inside or outside is considered as water retaining structures. Water tightness is the most important parameter to be preserved in designing and construction …
Chemical anchoring is used for structural works, mechanical and electrical services installations and also for metal works and carpentry works. In building construction sites, chemical anchoring plays a major …
The general practice, in case, the length of the stocked rebars is not enough for the full length of the elements, lapping is required to join the bar lengths’ …
The structural elements in the buildings are having the internal forces namely compression, tension, bending moments and torsion. Withstanding these internal forces with low tendency for collapse and any …
Measuring the properties of fresh concrete is an essential process that should be carried out in the site before placing the concrete. The main reason for carrying out these …
Concrete is a unique and main product in the field of construction, maintaining its quality is must for the successful completion of the respective project. Quality tests on concrete …
To get the required strength from the concrete the good workmanship practice is really having equal importance to the mix design calculations. Especially, for the water retaining structures, water …
